Independent Study

AA with a concentration in Art

BA in Fine Art

BFA in Fine Arts

BS in Education with a Comprehensive Major in Art, Multi-Age (PreK-12)

Minor in Art History

Minor in Studio Art

Biology

BS with a comprehensive major in Biology

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Biology - Forensic Biology Concentration

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Biology - Medical Laboratory Science Concentration

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Toxicology

BS in Education with comprehensive major in Integrated Science (Grades 7-12)

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Biology (Life Science Licensure) Grades 7-12

Minor in Biology

Business and Economics

AA with a concentration in Business

BA with a major in Business Administration

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Industrial and Systems Engineering

BS in Organizational Leadership and Development

BS in Business Administration (BSBA)

BSBA Core

Accounting Major

Business Analytics Major

Business Management Major

Economics Major

Entrepreneurship Major

Fashion Merchandising & Brand Management Major

Finance Major

International Business Major

Management Information Systems Major

Manufacturing Management Major

Marketing Major

Sport Management Major

Supply Chain Management Major

Minors for Business Majors and Non-Business Majors

Business Management Minor

Accounting Minor

Business Analytics Minor

Business Law Minor

Coaching Minor

Economics Minor

Fashion Merchandising & Brand Management Minor

Event Management Minor

Finance Minor

International Business Minor

Management Information Systems Minor

Marketing Minor

Risk Management and Insurance Minor

Sport Management Minor

Supply Chain Management Minor

Minors for Non-Business Majors Only

Business Administration Minor

Chemistry and Biochemistry

BS with a comprehensive major in Chemistry

BS with a comprehensive major in Biochemistry

BS with a comprehensive major in Forensic Chemistry

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Science (Grades 7-12)

Minor in Chemistry

Communication Studies

Minor in Communication Studies

BA in Communication

Minor in Political Communication

Minor in Public Relations

Minor in Sport Communication

Computer Science and Cybersecurity

BA with a major in Computer Science

BS with a comprehensive major in Computer Science

BS with a comprehensive major in Cybersecurity

Minor in Computer Science

Minor in Cybersecurity

Minor in Web Technology

Criminal Justice and Sociology

AA with a concentration in Criminal Justice

AA with a concentration in Emergency Management & Homeland Security

BS with a comprehensive major in Criminal Justice

BS with a comprehensive major in Emergency Management & Homeland Security

Minor in Criminal Justice

Minor in Emergency Management & Homeland Security

Minor in Social and Community Justice

Minor in Sociology

Education

AA with a concentration in Education Studies

BA in Education Studies

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Intervention Specialist

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Middle Grades (4-9)

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Primary Grades/Intervention Dual Program

Early Childhood Education Generalist (Grades 4-5)

Minor in Online Teaching and Instructional Technology

Languages and Literatures

BA with a major in English

BA with a major in Creative Writing

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Language Arts (Grades 7-12)

Minor in English

Minor in Creative Writing

Minor in Spanish

Environmental Science

BS with a comprehensive major in Environmental Science

Minor in Environmental Science

General Studies

AA in General Studies

Geology

Minor in Geology

History

BA with a major in History

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Social Studies (Grades 7-12)

Minor in History

Minor in Classical Learning

Interdisciplinary Studies

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Interdisciplinary Studies

Journalism and Digital Media

BA with a major in Digital Media Journalism

BA with a major in Digital Media Production

Minor in Digital Media Journalism

Minor in Digital Media Production

Mathematics and Actuarial Science

BA with a major in Mathematics

BS with a comprehensive major in Mathematics

BS with a comprehensive major in Actuarial Science

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Mathematics (Grades 7-12)

UG Certificate in Actuarial Science

Minor in Mathematics

Multidisciplinary Studies

BS in Multidisciplinary Studies

Music

BA with a major in Music; Music Studies Track

BM with a comprehensive major in Music Education, Multi-Age (PreK-12)

Minor in Applied Music

Minor in Music

Nursing and Health Sciences

Health Sciences Programs

Dietetics Program

BS with a comprehensive major in Dietetics

Exercise Science Program

BS with a comprehensive major in Exercise Science

Nursing Programs

Accelerated Pre-licensure Program

Advanced Entry Pre-licensure Program

RN to BSN Post-licensure Program

Traditional Pre-licensure Program

Philosophy

BA with a Major in Philosophy

Minor in Philosophy

Political Science

BA with a major in Political Science

BA with a major in International Political Studies

BA with a major in Political Economy

Minor in Political Science

Minor in Political Economy

Psychology

BA with a major in Psychology

BS with a comprehensive major in Psychology

Minor in Psychology

Religion

BA with a major in Religion

Minor in Religion

Minor in Christian Ministry

Social Work

Minor in Child and Family Studies

BS in Social Work

Minor in Social Work

Minor in Addictions

Theatre

Minor in Theatre

Graduate Programs

Master of Business Administration

Master of Business Administration Specializations

Foundations Program

Master of Business Administration Certificates

Optional Independent Research Project (MBA 601/602)

Online MA in Strategic Communication and Leadership

Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing

MA in American History and Government

MA with a Specialization in Teaching American History and Government

Online Master of Science in Applied Physiology of Exercise

MS in Business Analytics

MS in Physician Assistant Studies

MS in Supply Chain Management

Online Criminal Justice Administration, Certificate Program

U.S. Government and Politics Certificate Program

U.S. History Certificate Program

Online Doctor of Nursing Practice

Online School Nurse Certificate Program

Online School Nurse Wellness Coordinator

Online Nurse Educator Certificate

Master of Education

M.ED. Adolescent to Young Adult 7-12 Education

Master of Education: Adult Studies

M.ED. Educational Leadership with Administrative License

M.ED. Educational Technology

M.ED. Intervention Specialist Mild/Moderate

M.ED. Middle Grades Education

M.ED. Reading and Literacy

M.ED. Talent Development Education

M.ED. Teaching and Learning in the 21st Century (TL-21)

The Doctor of Education in Leadership Studies

Bachelor’s Plus, Graduate Licensure and Endorsement Program

Bachelor’s Plus Program: Middle Grades Education (4-9) Licensure

Bachelor’s Plus Program: Primary Grades Intervention ECE/ECIS P-5 Dual Licensure

Bachelor’s Plus Program: Primary P-5 (ECE) Licensure

Bachelor's Plus Program: Adolescent to Young Adult (7-12) Licensure

Bachelor's Plus Program: for Intervention Specialist Mild/Moderate/Intensive (ISMMI) Program K-12 Licensure

Bachelor's Plus Program: Multi-Age Licensure (PreK-12)

Other Graduate Licensure and Endorsement Program

Administrative Specialist License in Curriculum, Instruction, and Professional Development

Building Principal's License

Gifted Intervention Specialist Endorsement

Gifted Intervention Specialist Certificate

Graduate Reading Endorsement

Intervention Specialist: Mild/Moderate License

School Superintendent License

Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) Certificate Program

Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) Endorsement

Technology Director Endorsement

Technology Director Certificate

Course Descriptions

Course Abbreviations

ACCT Accounting

APEX Applied Physiology of Exercise

ART Art

BIO Biology

BUS Business (General)

BANA Business Analytics

CHEM Chemistry

CL Classical Learning

CIS Coaching & Instruction in Sport

CJ Criminal Justice

COM Communication Studies

CS Computer Science

DIET Dietetics

ECED Economics Education

ECON Economics

EDAD Education Administration

EDAE Adult Education

EDCI Education Curriculum/Instruction

EDEC Education Early Childhood

EDFN Education Foundations

EDIS Educational Intervention Specialist

EDLS Education Leadership Studies

EDTE Teacher Education

EDU Continuing Education

EDUC Education (General)

ENG English

ENTP Entrepreneurship

EVS Environmental Science

EXS Exercise Science

FIN Finance

FL Foreign Languages

FM Fashion Merchandising

FMBM Fashion Merchandising & Brand Management

HSEC Emergency Management & Homeland Security

HSM Hospitality Management

IE Industrial and Systems Engineering

IDS Interdisciplinary Studies

JDM Journalism/Digital Media

LTN Latin

MATH Mathematics

MBA Master of Business Administration

MBAF Master of Business Administration Foundations

MDS Multidisciplinary Studies

MFG Manufacturing Management

MGT Management

MIS Management Information Systems

MKT Marketing

MUSIC Music

NUHS Nursing and Health Sciences

NUR Nursing

ORGLD Organizational Leadership and Development

PAS Physician Assistant Studies

PHIL Philosophy

PHYS Physics

POLEC Political Economy

POLSC Political Science

SCM Supply Chain Management

SEC Cybersecurity

SMG Sport Management

SNP School Nursing Program

Personnel

Independent Study

Download as PDF

Overview

Subject code

BIO

Course Number

498

Department(s)

BIO Biology

Career

66d9ee23-8610-40fe-b68d-2d3f2561e979

Credits

Billing Hours

Contact Hours

Credit Hours

Max

Min

President's Welcome

Associations & Accreditations

University & Student Rights

Mission, Core Values, and Vision

Admissions

Finance & Administration

Financial Aid

Office of Christian Ministry

Academic Affairs

Degree Requirements

Associate of Arts Degrees

Baccalaureate Degrees

Bachelor of Science Degrees

Graduate

Library & Research Resources

International Programs

Ashland Theological Seminary

Ashland University Centers

eAshland

Honors Program

Undergraduate Programs

Art

AA with a concentration in Art

BA in Fine Art

BFA in Fine Arts

BS in Education with a Comprehensive Major in Art, Multi-Age (PreK-12)

Minor in Art History

Minor in Studio Art

Biology

BS with a comprehensive major in Biology

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Biology - Forensic Biology Concentration

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Biology - Medical Laboratory Science Concentration

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Toxicology

BS in Education with comprehensive major in Integrated Science (Grades 7-12)

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Biology (Life Science Licensure) Grades 7-12

Minor in Biology

Business and Economics

AA with a concentration in Business

BA with a major in Business Administration

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Industrial and Systems Engineering

BS in Organizational Leadership and Development

BS in Business Administration (BSBA)

BSBA Core

Accounting Major

Business Analytics Major

Business Management Major

Economics Major

Entrepreneurship Major

Fashion Merchandising & Brand Management Major

Finance Major

International Business Major

Management Information Systems Major

Manufacturing Management Major

Marketing Major

Sport Management Major

Supply Chain Management Major

Minors for Business Majors and Non-Business Majors

Business Management Minor

Accounting Minor

Business Analytics Minor

Business Law Minor

Coaching Minor

Economics Minor

Fashion Merchandising & Brand Management Minor

Event Management Minor

Finance Minor

International Business Minor

Management Information Systems Minor

Marketing Minor

Risk Management and Insurance Minor

Sport Management Minor

Supply Chain Management Minor

Minors for Non-Business Majors Only

Business Administration Minor

Chemistry and Biochemistry

BS with a comprehensive major in Chemistry

BS with a comprehensive major in Biochemistry

BS with a comprehensive major in Forensic Chemistry

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Science (Grades 7-12)

Minor in Chemistry

Communication Studies

Minor in Communication Studies

BA in Communication

Minor in Political Communication

Minor in Public Relations

Minor in Sport Communication

Computer Science and Cybersecurity

BA with a major in Computer Science

BS with a comprehensive major in Computer Science

BS with a comprehensive major in Cybersecurity

Minor in Computer Science

Minor in Cybersecurity

Minor in Web Technology

Criminal Justice and Sociology

AA with a concentration in Criminal Justice

AA with a concentration in Emergency Management & Homeland Security

BS with a comprehensive major in Criminal Justice

BS with a comprehensive major in Emergency Management & Homeland Security

Minor in Criminal Justice

Minor in Emergency Management & Homeland Security

Minor in Social and Community Justice

Minor in Sociology

Education

AA with a concentration in Education Studies

BA in Education Studies

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Intervention Specialist

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Middle Grades (4-9)

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Primary Grades/Intervention Dual Program

Early Childhood Education Generalist (Grades 4-5)

Minor in Online Teaching and Instructional Technology

Languages and Literatures

BA with a major in English

BA with a major in Creative Writing

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Language Arts (Grades 7-12)

Minor in English

Minor in Creative Writing

Minor in Spanish

Environmental Science

BS with a comprehensive major in Environmental Science

Minor in Environmental Science

General Studies

AA in General Studies

Geology

Minor in Geology

History

BA with a major in History

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Social Studies (Grades 7-12)

Minor in History

Minor in Classical Learning

Interdisciplinary Studies

BS with a Comprehensive Major in Interdisciplinary Studies

Journalism and Digital Media

BA with a major in Digital Media Journalism

BA with a major in Digital Media Production

Minor in Digital Media Journalism

Minor in Digital Media Production

Mathematics and Actuarial Science

BA with a major in Mathematics

BS with a comprehensive major in Mathematics

BS with a comprehensive major in Actuarial Science

BS in Education with a comprehensive major in Integrated Mathematics (Grades 7-12)

UG Certificate in Actuarial Science

Minor in Mathematics

Multidisciplinary Studies

BS in Multidisciplinary Studies

Music

BA with a major in Music; Music Studies Track

BM with a comprehensive major in Music Education, Multi-Age (PreK-12)

Minor in Applied Music

Minor in Music

Nursing and Health Sciences

Health Sciences Programs

Dietetics Program

BS with a comprehensive major in Dietetics

Exercise Science Program

BS with a comprehensive major in Exercise Science

Nursing Programs

Accelerated Pre-licensure Program

Advanced Entry Pre-licensure Program

RN to BSN Post-licensure Program

Traditional Pre-licensure Program

Philosophy

BA with a Major in Philosophy

Minor in Philosophy

Political Science

BA with a major in Political Science

BA with a major in International Political Studies

BA with a major in Political Economy

Minor in Political Science

Minor in Political Economy

Psychology

BA with a major in Psychology

BS with a comprehensive major in Psychology

Minor in Psychology

Religion

BA with a major in Religion

Minor in Religion

Minor in Christian Ministry

Social Work

Minor in Child and Family Studies

BS in Social Work

Minor in Social Work

Minor in Addictions

Theatre

Minor in Theatre

Graduate Programs

Master of Business Administration

Master of Business Administration Specializations

Foundations Program

Master of Business Administration Certificates

Optional Independent Research Project (MBA 601/602)

Online MA in Strategic Communication and Leadership

Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing

MA in American History and Government

MA with a Specialization in Teaching American History and Government

Online Master of Science in Applied Physiology of Exercise

MS in Business Analytics

MS in Physician Assistant Studies

MS in Supply Chain Management

Online Criminal Justice Administration, Certificate Program

U.S. Government and Politics Certificate Program

U.S. History Certificate Program

Online Doctor of Nursing Practice

Online School Nurse Certificate Program

Online School Nurse Wellness Coordinator

Online Nurse Educator Certificate

Master of Education

M.ED. Adolescent to Young Adult 7-12 Education

Master of Education: Adult Studies

M.ED. Educational Leadership with Administrative License

M.ED. Educational Technology

M.ED. Intervention Specialist Mild/Moderate

M.ED. Middle Grades Education

M.ED. Reading and Literacy

M.ED. Talent Development Education

M.ED. Teaching and Learning in the 21st Century (TL-21)

The Doctor of Education in Leadership Studies

Bachelor’s Plus, Graduate Licensure and Endorsement Program

Bachelor’s Plus Program: Middle Grades Education (4-9) Licensure

Bachelor’s Plus Program: Primary Grades Intervention ECE/ECIS P-5 Dual Licensure

Bachelor’s Plus Program: Primary P-5 (ECE) Licensure

Bachelor's Plus Program: Adolescent to Young Adult (7-12) Licensure

Bachelor's Plus Program: for Intervention Specialist Mild/Moderate/Intensive (ISMMI) Program K-12 Licensure

Bachelor's Plus Program: Multi-Age Licensure (PreK-12)

Other Graduate Licensure and Endorsement Program